Sensitivity to Light (Photophobia)
What is sensitivity to light (photophobia)?
Sensitivity to light, also known as photophobia, is a condition where the eyes react uncomfortably to bright light. This can occur during the day, under artificial lights, or even with moderate lighting. Photophobia may be temporary or chronic, and its severity can vary significantly between individuals.
Common symptoms
In some cases, photophobia may be part of a broader condition such as a migraine, where other symptoms like nausea or sound sensitivity may also be present. Light sensitivity is often accompanied by:
- Sensitivity to light (Photophobia)
- Red or dry eyes
- Squinting or blinking excessively
- Blurred or hazy vision
- Watery eyes (Epiphora)
- Headaches, especially during migraines
- Floaters or flashes of light
Triggers & causes
Your ophthalmologist will advise on the most suitable options depending on your diagnosis and condition severity. Treatment is tailored based on the underlying cause. Possible approaches include:
Common triggers
Certain environmental or lifestyle factors can trigger light sensitivity:
- Bright sunlight or screen exposure
- Stress or lack of sleep
- Medications such as antibiotics, retinoids or diuretics
- Nutritional deficiencies (Vitamin A, B2, B12, lutein)
When to seek urgent care?
Sudden or severe photophobia could be a sign of a serious eye or neurological issue. Seek immediate medical attention if:
- There is a sudden loss of vision
- Severe eye pain or redness is present
- Light sensitivity occurs with a fever, confusion, or nausea
- You have recently suffered a head injury
- Symptoms develop rapidly alongside slurred speech or seizures
Treatments
Your ophthalmologist will advise on the most suitable options depending on your diagnosis and condition severity. Treatment is tailored based on the underlying cause. Possible approaches include:
Lifestyle and At-Home Management
- Wearing sunglasses or hats outdoors
- Avoiding bright lights and using dimmer indoor lighting
- Using artificial tears or warm compresses
- Reducing screen time
How photophobia is diagnosed?
These assessments help determine whether your light sensitivity stems from an eye disorder or other medical condition.
Eye pressure test (tonometry)
Optical coherence tomography (OCT)
Slit-lamp examination
Retinal imaging
Corneal topography or AI-powered corneal scans
Visual acuity and refractive error tests
How photophobia is diagnosed?
WHAT YOU SEE MATTERS
Struggling with light sensitivity?
In Singapore’s sunny climate and screen-heavy lifestyle, photophobia can affect your daily life. Early diagnosis is key to protecting your vision and comfort.